Crisis Intervention Network - Program to Reduce Gang Violence

Please note: The following information is meant to share with you the details of The Crisis Intervention Network, a highly successful comprehensive gang program that dramatically decreased gang fatalities in Philadelphia for over a decade. If you want the magazine article, "Crisis Strategy Works: 12 Years Prove It," or a copy of the advertisement that led to this program, email Tom Woodward)

As noted in the magazine article, “Crisis Strategy Works: 12 Years Prove It,” deaths from gang violence dropped 66% in the first year of this program and then averaged slightly over 2% in the following eleven years of the program. 

 Ron Bloomberg

The Crisis Intervention Network was also adopted by city of Los Angeles on a limited basis in the 1990s. However, the pilot program proved to be too successful, because when fatalities dropped significantly within a twelve month period, the City of Los Angeles in its wisdom withdrew further funding -- and since root causes of gang violence (joblessness, lack of parental discipline, etc.) had not been dealt with, there were few lasting effects from the pilot program..

My own involvement with the problem of gang violence began when I created the ad, “Hail, hail, the gang’s been here. What the heck do we care?” and received a massive response from the ad. After working with community people for seven years, Bennie Swans, Larry Rawls, and I created the Crisis Intervention Network. The results of our success and a breakdown of the components of the network are enclosed along with a copy of the initial advertisement and an article that describes the initial and on-going success in greatly reducing the incidence of gang violence.

If after reviewing these materials, you want to explore more about the program, please contact me or Tom Woodward, my Associate:.
       Ron Bloomberg - Ronbloom2@aol.com - Tom Woodward - TBWSalinas@aol.com

REDUCING GANG VIOLENCE:  

THE CRISIS INTEVENTION NETWORK

This program of Crises Teams was successful in reducing gang violence significantly in Philadelphia. After one year of the crises teams hitting the streets, gang fatalities amazingly were cut by over 60%. That figure quickly fell to just over 2% and remained so for over a decade.

CRISIS TEAMS:   The heart of The Crisis Intervention Network is a number of six member gang worker teams, living in the area they work, equipped with cars and cell phones, and on call 24/7. These teams are given three months of skilled mediation training before hitting the streets. The key component of these Crises Teams is accountability built in from top to bottom. The tasks of the Crises Teams are:

MEDIATION: This is the primary component of the program. The teams are not involved in apprehension: once a violent act has been committed, that is strictly police business;

FORMING AND MAINTAINING GANG COUNCILS:  Treaties are established and rigorously scheduled meetings are held to iron out disputes that arise. Crises Teams are given the responsibility to see that gang leaders show up for these meetings and that treaties do not fall apart;

COMMUNICATION:  Police gang units, schools, community leaders, neighborhood groups,  parents’ councils, churches and synagogues, and recreation centers all have roles to play in the prevention of gang violence. They all should be on the same page: it is the job of the Crises Teams to see that they are;

ANTICIPATING VIOLENCE, the key to preventing violence. Once a gang member gets in his car to shoot a rival gang member, it is too late. Keeping the flow of information going so Crises Team members can quickly mediate something that went down at school or in the streets is imperative;

WORKING WITH THE PROBATION DEPARTMENT:  This is a huge factor in whether violence escalates or diminishes. At any given time a number of gang members are released from prison and then return to their neighborhoods. These “older heads” can have enormous clout as to which direction a gang will take. The Probation Department has some sway over these individuals and in many cases the Crises Teams working with parole officers can help turn those being released from prison into a positive factor.

The selection of the Crisis Team members has to be vigorous. Applicants must have respect in the community in which they work. They must have street smart intelligence, organizational skills, and be dedicated to keeping kids alive.

Innovation is a further key to the success of the program. Creative approaches are needed in dealing with an irrational problem. Certainly a wider view of the world should be given to gang members and there is a great deal of talent in the city that is rarely called  upon to help in these situations – universities, the entertainment and business communities, and professional sports teams can be called upon to contribute ideas, strategies and resources. 

Toward a Minimalist Anglican Covenant

Toward a Minimalist Anglican Covenant

An expansion of the Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral

1. Of Christian Belief
   
   1. The Holy Scriptures of the Hebrew and Christian Covenants (also known in the Church as the Old and New Testaments) set forth the revealed Word of God.†¹
      
   2. The Nicene Creed is the sufficient statement of the Christian faith.†
      
   3. There are two essential Sacraments: Baptism and the Supper of the Lord, ministered with unfailing use of Christ's words of institution and of the elements ordained by Him.†
      
   4. The summary of the Law, which may be discerned in the Torah2, as emphasized by Jesus3, is the foundation of all essential ethical teachings in the Hebrew Covenant, in the Christian Covenant, and of the Church.
      
2. Of the Whole Church
   
   1. Within the Church there is but one Body and one Spirit, one hope of our calling, one Lord, one Faith, one Baptism, one God and Father of us all.
      
   2. The mission of the Church is to restore all people to unity with God and with each other in Christ.
      
   3. Spiritual leadership of the Church resides in the Historic Episcopate, locally adapted in the methods of its administration to the varying needs of the nations and peoples called into the unity of God's Church.†
      
3. Of the Anglican Communion
   
   1. The principal liturgies of the Church in the Anglican tradition are those found in the Book of Common Prayer.
      
   2. Within the bounds herein previously set forth the Anglican Communion understands that God's way is often beyond human comprehension, that doctrinal understanding is therefore elusive, and while disagreements within its traditions about inherently imperfect formulations of doctrine are common, divisiveness rooted in such matters is not appropriate.
      
   3. Institutional leadership of the Anglican Communion and of each of its provinces is a shared responsibility of the clergy and the laity.
      
   4. Each bishop in the Anglican Communion serves in one province of the Anglican Communion, conforms to the polity of that province, and does not function as an ordained minister outside of the diocese or province of service without specific invitation from the bishop with local jurisdiction.
      

 

Footnotes

1. * Daggered items are adaptations of the principles in the Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral
   
2. * Deuteronomy 6:5, Leviticus 19:18
   
3. * Matthew 22:37-40, Mark 12:29-34, Luke 10:25-37
   

A 15 Minute Play About Forgiveness

A MATTER OF LIFE OR DEATH

CAST OF CHARACTERS:

HARRY: a male clerk of any age.

SUSAN: a troubled young woman, between 25 and 35 years old.

WARD: a middle-aged man, dressed and groomed well.

TIME: Daytime – the present.

PROPS: A cell phone for Harry. A life-sized cutout of a

clean-cut man.

TIME: Daytime – the present.

SCENE: A tobacco (or similar)shop with a counter and a bench

for customers who are waiting. HARRY is speaking on

his cell phone.

For permission to perform this play, contact Tom Woodward, 13 Calle Loma, Santa Fe, NM 87507. (505) 231-9829. The play works well as a stand alone play or as a sermon.

HARRY (talking on phone)

OK, OK. That one didn't work, so here’s another. There was this guy who was close to death and he was on this makeshift bed just off the kitchen - and the smell of freshly baked chocolate chip cookies is in the air and his kids are surrounding him on every side. With what little energy the guy has left before he dies, he asks his daughter if she would please bring him a couple of those chocolate chip cookies. Just when she returns with the cookies and he reaches out to take one, his wife swoops down, jerks the cookies away and scolds him, saying, "Don't you dare eat those cookies – they’re for the wake!" . . . So that was just pretty good? . . OK, you want my best. . . So here we go. Sarah Palin and these two alligators walk into a bar. .

SUSAN walks into the store and begins to browse at the rear of the stage.

HARRY (Cont'd.)

Look, someone just came in. Let me get back to you. . . That's right, Sarah Palin and two alligators. Hold that thought. . .

HARRY (Cont’d, turning his attention to SUSAN)

Oh, Hi. Welcome to the store. . . Can I help you?

SUSAN (caught by surprise)

Will you say that again?

HARRY

Why? Do you have a hearing problem?

SUSAN

No, I just need to hear those words again.

HARRY

Sure. Can I help you?

SUSAN

I don't think so.

HARRY

I say "Can I help you?" not once, but twice -- and you tell me you don't think so?

SUSAN

I mean I don't know.

HARRY

You don’t think so? You don't know? What’s next?

SUSAN

I mean I'm not doing very well.

HARRY

You’re feeling sick?

SUSAN

Worse.

HARRY

That means you’re depressed?

SUSAN

Worse.

HARRY

That means you’re feeling hopeless?

SUSAN

Worse.

HARRY

That means. . .Suicide?

SUSAN (nodding her head "yes")

Suicide.

HARRY

There went my afternoon.

SUSAN

Your afternoon? What about me?

HARRY

I’m sorry. Why? Why suicide?

SUSAN

Why not?

HARRY

Why not? You've got your whole life ahead of you.

SUSAN

That's why.

HARRY

That's why? Because you have your whole life in front of you?

SUSAN

I can't take it any longer.

HARRY

It must be pretty bad.

SUSAN

It is more than pretty bad.

HARRY

And not just bad. .now.

SUSAN

That's right - not just bad now!

HARRY

Never ending?

SUSAN

That's it! Never ending - and it's time to put an end to never ending.

HARRY

But never ending is just beginning.

SUSAN

Cute.

HARRY

Seriously, are you telling me that you can't take it for another. . .what? Month? Week? Day?

SUSAN

Try half an hour.

HARRY

"Half an hour."

SUSAN

Cute. Very cute.

HARRY

What was that?

SUSAN

Cute. Very cute, Asshole!

HARRY

Bingo!

SUSAN

Bingo?

HARRY

Bingo! You just climbed out of yourself.

SUSAN

I don't know what you mean.

HARRY

Just for an instant, with that splendid little piece of sarcasm, you left your little corner of self-pity -- and joined the real world.

SUSAN

This is not self-pity -- it's really bad!

HARRY

What could be that bad?

SUSAN whispers in HARRY’S ear. HARRY listens thoughfully, then looks directly at SUSAN.

HARRY

You’re right. That’s bad. In fact, that’s really bad … but look, I’ll forgive you for $100.

SUSAN

You’ll forgive me for $100? Are you making fun of me?

HARRY

Am I making fun of you? No, I'm not making fun of you. I said I would forgive you for $100 and I will. And if that is making fun of you, OK. I’ll forgive you for $500.

SUSAN

You’ll forgive me for $500?

HARRY

Do you want to hear me say it again?

SUSAN

O God, No. I just don't understand.

HARRY

It's simple: I've got what you need - and you've got . . .

SUSAN

$500.

HARRY

The amount is not so important.

SUSAN

But you just. . . .

HARRY

I said, "The amount is not important."

SUSAN

Then what is important?

HARRY

That you know it doesn't come easy - that it's worth something.

Long pause while SUSAN pulls something out of her purse.

SUSAN

Here's the $500 . . . but what difference does it make if you forgive me!

HARRY

Well, who else is there?

SUSAN

The people I hurt.

HARRY

Sorry. If they forgive you - that's for them. . . not you. If they forgive you, that allows them to go on with their lives. It really has nothing to do with you.

SUSAN

Can you say that again?

HARRY

Honey, I'm not sure I said anything that smart the first time.

SUSAN

Are you saying that if they forgive me - that lets them go on with their lives? But it doesn't do anything for me?

HARRY

Right.

SUSAN

But that doesn't seem fair.

HARRY

That doesn't seem fair?

SUSAN

No. It's not fair.

HARRY

What's not fair about it?

SUSAN

Well, for one thing, they are forgiving ME . . .but I don't get anything out of it! I'm not part of it!

HARRY

Exactly!

SUSAN

I don't get it.

HARRY

Exactly! You don't get it. They can't give it to you.

SUSAN

So I'm stuck.

HARRY

You’re not stuck, you’re. . . .No, I take that back. You’re stuck. . . But maybe there is something that can loosen that up a bit.

SUSAN

I don’t see how.

HARRY

Look. Bear with me for a while . . just for a short while, because I don’t want you to think I’m crazy. So let me tell you about a friend of mine.

SUSAN

“A friend of yours?” Sure. Where have I heard that before?

HARRY

OK, Susan, let me tell you my story – which is not an easy thing for me. . .

SUSAN

What did you say?

HARRY

About it not being easy for me?

SUSAN

No. You called me by my name. How could you know my name?

HARRY

Don’t worry about it.

SUSAN

Don’t worry about it? What in the Hell is going on here?

HARRY

Look, we’ll get to that in good time, but there is some really hard stuff that comes first. And this is going to be awkward for me.

SUSAN

Awkward for you? Not so fast, Hot Shot. First you offer to forgive me for $100, then $500 . . . as though you were. . . and then you seem to know my name without my telling you. I repeat: What in the Hell is going on here?

HARRY

We’ll get to that. But first. . .how shall I start this? . . (seriously pondering how to proceed) I’ve often wondered what it would be like to be God.

SUSAN

Are you going to talk to me about religion? Cuz if you are, I’m out of here.

HARRY

No, I’m not going to talk to you about religion. This is the nitty-gritty that comes before religion – and, fair warning, it’s not very pretty.

SUSAN

I’m uneasy already. Look, you’ve got five minutes – and then I’m out of here.

HARRY

Do you see these lines on my face?

SUSAN

The tracks that tears make?

HARRY

Yes, the tear tracks. They weren’t always there. I started out with something so beautiful, so full of hope and promise – and a lot of that still survives.

SUSAN

Is this going to be a sad story?

HARRY

Given what you are considering, I think you can handle it.

SUSAN

Not if this is some kind of grandiose stall for time.

HARRY

I won’t be long. To tell it all would be more than you. . or I could handle. . . Do you know the name “Matthew Shepard?”

SUSAN

Wasn’t he that gay guy in Montana who was – how do they say it? – crucified on a barbed wire fence outside the town?

HARRY

And these numbers on my arm – do you know what they mean?

SUSAN

Is that the combination to your safe deposit box?

HARRY

A long way from that. This is the number the Nazi’s tattooed on the arm of Hannah Klein, wife of Isaac, mother of Aaron and Deborah. I watched her standing naked in the cold outside a

crematorium, cradling her babies in her arms, trying to comfort them as they were herded into the cement structure where they would be gassed to death.

SUSAN

The Holocaust.

HARRY

The Holocaust. Do you know how many Isaacs, how many Hannahs and Aarons and Deborahs wore these numbers?

SUSAN

Too many.

HARRY

Way more than too many – millions more than too many! And do you know why?

SUSAN

I must have heard, but I can’t imagine why.

HARRY

It was because they had my name.

SUSAN

You’re losing me. Are you telling me that your name is Hannah Klein?

HARRY

Hannah, Isaac, Aaron, Deborah Klein. Klein and also Cohen and Greenberg, Bloom and Katz and … (painfully) Yes, that is my name.

SUSAN

You said you wouldn’t talk about religion; but if you are talking about God, there is so much that is good in the world.

HARRY

Don’t get me wrong, Susan. I love the gratitude, the songs, the prayers and all that; but the pain: the terrible, unrelenting pain and the . .. darkness just seem to overwhelm it all.

SUSAN

But that was a long time ago.

HARRY

Sixty four years ago – that may be a long time for you, but I feel it like today. And all this is not just then, but now. In the Sudan, Dafur, Nigeria, Argentina, and even in Juarez, five hours south from where we are standing just this minute. And if that’s too far to drive, it’s happening on your own block.

SUSAN

My own block? What are you talking about?

HARRY

You know Phyllis Chesney, three doors down?

SUSAN

The nice woman who had the miscarriage.

HARRY

The miscarriage after her husband knocked her teeth out and stomped on her stomach because she wouldn’t have sex with him the way he wanted it before he went to work.

SUSAN

Oh, my God! I didn’t know.

HARRY

Don’t get me wrong, Susan. The world is a place of incredible beauty and such heroism and loving kindness; but, but, but how can even the most beautiful gesture make up for the horror

faced by Matthew Shepherd, Phyllis Chesney, by the Hannahs and their children? And on a slightly different level, by you?

SUSAN

But. . .but . . .

HARRY

Tell me, Susan. Tell me how many birthday parties with helium balloons and party favors does it take. . to make up for just one Hannah and her children?

SUSAN

I’m sorry. I don’t understand. . . I’m overwhelmed.

HARRY

And so am I. I am overwhelmed.

SUSAN

But those soft, kindly lines on your face?

HARRY

Do you know what thought preoccupies my mind? Do you know what single thought … preoccupies my mind? (whispers in SUSAN’S ear.) . .

SUSAN

No!

HARRY

Yes.

SUSAN

“Suicide?” You?

HARRY

I think about it every day.

SUSAN (after stunned silence)

But you – whoever you are – you can’t. . .

HARRY

It’s not that I can’t – I won’t.

SUSAN

You won’t? Why not?

HARRY

Because. . . because in a strange way, I suppose, knowing the extent of my guilt in allowing all that – and accepting that … that opens, that gives the depth and the urgency to my compassion for those who struggle so hard.

SUSAN

Are you telling me that you are God?

HARRY

Am I God? Do I look like some kind of Cosmic Teddy Bear overflowing with mushy, sentimental Hallmark love . .who is unwilling to hold anyone, any country – even your own – accountable for anything?

SUSAN

Then you’re not God.

HARRY

Did I say that?

SUSAN

I am really confused.

HARRY

Confused is the best place to start.

SUSAN

So who are you?

HARRY

For right here? Right now? Susan, it doesn’t matter who I am. I’ll take care of that. What matters right here, right now is what you do with your own pain and guilt -- and your incredible personal beauty.

SUSAN

I don’t know about the beauty, but I think I can understand something about the pain and the guilt – that they don’t need to be the end.

HARRY

Not the end, but the beginning.

SUSAN

Of what?

HARRY

As they say, Susan, God only knows. But I can tell you one thing: those who are in deepest deficit need you. They need you -- in all you can bring -- more than anything, anyone else.

SUSAN

But, but . . .I don’t understand. And you just keep confusing me more and more.

HARRY (with emotion building)

Susan. Susan, listen to me. Let your pain – even your self- inflicted suffering – be the deepening. . .not the block. . to your heart.

SUSAN

But I’m so. . .

HARRY

Look, who would you want beside you in your deepest distress: Gregory Goody-Goody or Disappointing Old Fart, which is me?

SUSAN

That’s easy.

HARRY

And of your friends in dire need – who do they need, a Cindy Crawford model of perfection or a tarnished young woman named Susan? … They need you.

SUSAN

Because I’ve stood on the edge?

HARRY

Because of your own wounds.

SUSAN

But. . but. . I think I understand, but then you just keep confusing me more and more.

HARRY

Look, Susan, I need to go next door for a few minutes. Can you handle things here for a few minutes?

SUSAN

But I don’t know how things work here.

HARRY

You’ll do fine. Trust me.

SUSAN

Sure, just like an hour ago.

HARRY exits. WARD enters.

SUSAN (Cont’d.)

Can I help you?

WARD

Will you say that again?

SUSAN

Why? Do you have a hearing problem?

WARD

No, I just need to hear those words again.

SUSAN

Sure. Can I help you?

WARD

I don't think so.

SUSAN

I say "Can I help you?" not once, but twice and you tell me you don't think so?

WARD

I mean I don't know.

SUSAN

I know, Ward, I know.

WARD

What did you say?

SUSAN

Don’t worry about it. We’ve got more important things to talk about. . .

SUSAN and WARD find a place to sit. She takes his hand in hers and they begin talking to one another. HARRY reappears quietly and watches as the lights fade.

- THE END -

Synopsis of the Gonzo Opera “And the Winner Is. . .”

Composed by Daniel Steven Crafts

Libretto by Thomas B. Woodward

The opera opens as Tony, the host of the Ms. American Beauty Pageant, wrestles with the self-doubts brought about possible imminent success in his aria "It's Every Man's Dream."

As the aria ends, the next to last contestant in the pageant, Ms. Tennessee, comes on stage with her puppet to perform her Talent part of the pageant. As she begins the duet, "Dove il mio orecchio," her puppet, given voice by an off-stage tenor, joins her in the romantic (and highly comic) duet.

During the following commercial break, the pageant's final contestant, Bobbie Wentworth, joins Tony in the wings as both wait to go onstage. There is an instant chemistry between the two and they quickly begin flirting with one another. The flirting escalates until the two are on camera and Tony asks Bobbie when she first became interested in the Ms. American Pageant and receives an answer he doesn't expect.

As Tony attempts to establish order, Bobbie continues to break taboos – as when she notes that her real talent for the pageant is not her baton twirling act, but hiding her disability. In her aria, "Sing an Inspiring New Song," she wonders "Wouldn't it be wonderful if Ms. American of 2011 and Ms. Disability of 2011 were the same person?"

The shocks and surprises continue as the Pageant moves from chaos to inspiration and then romance. Having won each other's affections, Bobbie blows kisses to the television audience as Tony helps her offstage.

The opera is composed by Emmy-winning composer, Daniel Steven Crafts. The libretto is based on an original play by Tom Woodward and written by him. If you are interested in further information about the opera or in producing it, please respond to Thomas B. Woodward, 13 Calle Loma, Santa Fe, NM 87507.

The Major Prophets in One Hour - notes

What is a Prophet?

Rabbi Abraham Heschel used to tell the following story to describe the calling of the people of God and of individuals to be prophets: Once upon a time there was an agricultural kingdom which prospered year after year. Everyone had plenty to eat and everyone was happy. But then, one year it was discovered that whoever ate that year's grain became crazy - really crazy.

Aware of the terrible crisis, the King and Queen gathered the wise men and women of the realm and met with them around the clock for several days. Then they called the kingdom together for a very important message. When the kingdom was gathered, the royal family began "It is clear that we are in a terrible, terrible crisis; but we have our response. From the kingdom, we are setting aside twelve men and women. They will eat last year's grain while the rest of us will be eating this year's grain. The twelve will serve a very important function. Their mission will be to remind the rest of us that we are, indeed, crazy."

There is no higher calling. But now, on to the three "major prophets," Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel.

THE MAJOR PROPHETS

THE CALLING OF THE PROPHETS: each called with a powerful vision and a commissioning.

ISAIAH (calling 742) His calling is described in Isaiah 6:1-5, 6-10. Some of the elements of that call are an overwhelming experience of Holiness (his words are reflected in the Sanctus) and a piece of burning coal applied to his lips (cleansing). Later, like Jeremiah, Isaiah believes he was called from mother's womb 49:1-3

JEREMIAH (calling 626) Calling: 1:4-8, 9 (reflected in Psalm 139) like Isaiah verse. 5 "touch my mouth." He complains that he is too young and unexperienced and, given God's charge, Jeremiah was totally unsuited temperamentally (the experience of the fool is described at: 1:10

Elements of his call:: like Ezekiel, Jeremiah "eats God's words," Is this reflected in the Collect: that we might read, mark, learn and inwardly digest Holy Scripture?

EZEKIEL (calling 593) His calling: 2:1-2; 3:1-3: elements of his call include a strong and bizarre experience of Holiness, as with Isaiah a piece of coal is applied to his lips, and he describes the power of the Spirit. Like Jeremiah, Ezekiel eats God's words.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE THREE PROPHETS

ISAIAH: He was an artistocrat and very aware of foreign realities -- much like a Teddy Kennedy or our own Bill Stewart. His language is majestical -- some of the most eloquent in all of Scripture. He also has an almost unique vision of the whole of humanity under the love and mercy of God -- his phrase is that Israel is to be a light to the nations, bringing them into the wholeness intended for the People of God.

JEREMIAH: he began his ministry at an early age – not with the same sense of awe (as Isaiah and Ezekiel). On the other hand, he struggles and wrestles with God -- much like an Ann Sexton or John of the Cross.

Much of the book of Jeremiah is "biography," written down by his secretary Baruch. Some of the best of the book are his confessions, prayers, and inner reflections. He has an intensely personal relationship with God – exhibiting deep faith in God as well as intense anger at God for what he experiences as betrayal. Another way of considering this is the tension between his own personal inclinations (wanting to party with his friends) and his deep sense of vocation.

His stress on personal experience of faith helped define a new foundation for faith after the Exile.

EZEKIEL: his message is defined by vision of absolute holiness, otherness of God – the last part of Ezekiel is very similar to the Holiness Code (Leviticus 18ff.).

Ezekiel was a pastor and fiercely protective of his flock – also bound to speak against them. His tirade against the Watchmen (pastors) who do not attend to the deeper needs of their people is searing.

THE BOOK OF ISAIAH: its setting is when Uzziah was King 783-742 – Judah was at its most powerful; but Uzziah becomes proud and attempts to usurp power of priesthood. Confronted, he becomes leper and the power and influence of the nation goes into decline. There are two quite different people and time periods in the two major sections of the book, identified as I Isaiah 1-39; II Isaiah 40-

I ISAIAH The setting for Isaiah's prophesies is the nation's interest in political intrigue/alliances. Isaiah sees all of this as a betrayal of God's rule and protection. For him, the world is in God's hands – it is folly to enter into alliances. Thus, he rails against

-- reliance on world power – rely not on weapons, but on God.

-- subservience to nation like Assyria – which will mean accepting their gods and cults.

-- alliance with Assyria meant involvement in her military operations.

King Ahaz - in treaty w/ Assyria for protection:he was willing to compromise religious principles to curry favor.

King Hezekiah wants alliance with Egypt – Isaiah, to illustrate futility of such dependence, walks naked through the streets of Jerusalem. .

For Isaiah, problem is not foreign policy, but the inner state of the nation.

Two Stages in I Isaiah: disaster is coming and a remnant will return Isaiah 33:15. Then from the remnant, there will be redemption for all nations. God's covenant will be not only with people, but with Zion and with the land.

Of special interest: Apocalyptic vision of Messiahnic Banquet Isaiah 25.6f. which is not just for Israel.

II ISAIAH 40-66 Doom is no longer relevant and there is the promise of Return.

High Points of II Isaiah:

His description of the character of God 40:1-5, 40:11; v12f. and creation ex nihilo (42:).

Description of the calling of the military man, Cyrus as instrument of God in freeing the Jews from captivity. Cyrus, a foreigner, was first to be referred to as "Christ" 45:1ff.

Vision – which is reflected in what we sing in Handel's Messiah.

His descriptions of the the Suffering Servant (read during Palm Sunday and Holy Week) – is this Isaiah? the Jewish people/nation? One to come? This suffering is not a penalty – but a privilege, sacrifice.

Light to the Nations (here it is God, not Isaiah, talking to Israel)

God said to Jeremiah: "I appointed you as a prophet to the nations," to Isaiah: "I appointed you as a light to the nations." 49:6. This vision of our being Light to the nations 42:6-7, 42:1-4

JEREMIAH b. 650 in Anathoth, 4 mi. north of Jerusalem, called to be prophet 626.

Jeremiah's mentors were Isaiah, Hosea, Amos and Micah (quotes Habbakuk's words of struggling with the notion that the evil seem to go unpunished)

Lived through Josiah's Reform 621, but found it dealing with externals only - and thus inadequate.

Heschel – p. 105 for description (3/2)

Much of Jeremiah is introspective:

loneliness 15:15-18

psychological 20:4-11. Abraham Heschel notes that Jeremiah's words about betrayal are better translated as a virgin being seduced/a married woman being raped.

Internalizes religious faith – out of faith comes practice. This is a big step from religion as obedience to rules.

Jeremiah's sense of God's initiative. Like Ezekiel, at the end Jeremiah has a well defined belief in Grace.

Jeremiah's high moral sense: 22:13-19 29:7f.

Baruch – when Jeremiah could not appear in public because of threats on his life, he enlisted Baruch 36:4-8 to take down his speeches and deliver them. Baruch also chronicles the inner life of Jeremiah, as well.

1In first part of Jeremiah, he preaches wrath: all are l under condemnation. 2:8: later, those who repent will be saved. 7:5-7

Speaks of the Fatherhood of God 3:19

Restoration: 29:10f It is God who has sent Jews into exile – and God who called Persian military leader to free them.

High Points in Jeremiah

1. My favorite image: Cisterns 2:13f.

2. Morality: 22:13-19 very similar to the prophet Amos. Later, he counsels those in exile not to rebel against Babylonians, but to find their lives where they are. 29:7f.

3. What do you do as you are trying to exit your country before it is overrun? Jeremiah buys property! 32.6ff

4. Jeremiah's Book of Hope, chapters 30-33 (motto of OT 30:3) This forms much of the basis the teaching of Paul & Jesus.

The Big Oops: a delightfully humorous piece: 34:8-11. everyone suddenly becomes religious – so what happens?

Notion of Grace: 31:1-6 v. 3

Jeremiah elucidates the theme of OT "in spite of everything, I have remained faithful."

The most important part of the Book of Jeremiah: The New Covenant 31:31-33, v. 4

EZEKIEL: The structure of the book: Judgment: 1-24; Hope 25-32; Restitution of Israel 33-48 (Chapter 40f. similar to Leviticus 19ff. Holiness Code.

Themes:

1. As pastor of exiles – felt responsibility for each individual

2. Certainty of ruin of Jerusalem & Judah as a result of their idolatry and moral iniquity.

3. Judgment is not disciplinary or redemptive – it is simple punishment.

4. Promise of Restoration and Renewal. Powerful notion of the New Covenant - 11:17-20 based on Grace - an interpolation of Jeremiah.

5. Individual Responsibility - huge step forward in Hebrew religion: 18:1-9; 20f. (especially verse 23)

6. High Doctrine of Holiness (we are to be holy because Yahweh is holy)

7. Restoration of Israel: God takes initiative, doesn't wait for our repentance.

Vision of the Dry Bones 37:1-14. Note that the dead are soldiers.

Yahweh, the Good Shepherd 34:11ff. God is gathering flock from everywhere.

Gift of New Heart/New Spirit 36:25-27, 31. Truly Majestic!

8. Restoration Complete only if God lives in midst of people 40-48

Plans and dimensions for new Temple

Priests in charge of Temple (no foreign helpers as before)

Emphasis on the Cult (very much in the Priestly tradition).

What Is Gonzo Opera?

GONZO OPERA

A Manifesto

by Daniel Steven Crafts

What is Gonzo Opera?

1) First of all, despite its subject matter, it is real opera, and not a parody of the genre as are many works in the last few years that call themselves "opera." It uses beautiful classically-trained voices and allows them to demonstrate all the marvelous attributes of traditional vocal technique. The Gonzo style is full of melody (something sorely lacking in most contemporary opera)—memorable melody that shows off the voices in the best possible light.

But…

2) Gonzo Opera takes as its subject matter outrageous comedy/satire, subjects heretofore completely foreign to opera. It is as contemporary as the movies. No pathetic, dying heroines here. Shannon Wheeler's Too Much Coffee Man was made into an opera with great success. It was not so much the traditional opera audience who came to see it, but Shannon's audience (the 20-40 year olds). This was the first of the Gonzo operas.

3) Gonzo Opera is designed to be portable and inexpensive to produce. This should prove a boon to smaller opera companies as

a) It attracts a new, young audience (which all companies are crying out to do) and,
b) It can be produced with simple sets, and a small combo of instrumentalists (as opposed to a full orchestra).

Opera as an art form, desperately needs a swift kick in the pants—the same kind that was given it by the verismo movement in the late 1800s. When the overwhelming percentage of works in standard repertoire are 100-300 years old, something is severely wrong. One need only compare the quantity of good and memorable new operas from the second half of the 20th century with the second half of the 19th. The 21st has so far fared little better.

My Opera

"And the Winner Is. . ."

Composed by Daniel Steven Crafts, Libretto by Thomas B. Woodward

The opera opens as Tony, the host of the Ms. American Beauty Pageant, wrestles with the self-doubts brought about possible imminent success in his aria "It's Every Man's Dream."

As the aria ends, the next to last contestant in the pageant, Ms. Tennessee, comes on stage with her puppet to perform her Talent part of the pageant. As she begins the duet, "Dove il mio orecchio," her puppet, given voice by an off-stage tenor, joins her in the romantic (and highly comic) duet.

During the following commercial break, the pageant's final contestant, Bobbie Wentworth joins Tony in the wings as both wait to go onstage. There is an instant chemistry between the two and they quickly begin flirting with one another. The flirting escalates until the two are on camera and Tony asks Bobbie when she first became interested in the Ms. American Pageant and receives an answer he doesn't expect.

As Tony attempts to establish order, Bobbie continues to break taboos – as when she notes that her real talent for the pageant is not her baton twirling act, but hiding her disability. In her aria, "Sing an Inspiring New Song," she wonders "Wouldn't it be wonderful if Ms. American of 2011 and Ms. Disability of 2011 were the same person?"

The shocks and surprises continue as the Pageant moves from chaos to inspiration and then romance. Having won each other's affections, Bobbie blows kisses to the television audience as Tony helps her offstage.

For production information, contact Tom Woodward, 13 Calle Loma, Santa Fe, NM 87507. For information about Mr. Crafts, see his web site: www.dscrafts.net.

Words Do Have Consequences

Words do have consequences -- and we do have limits to the way those words are used. The old saw is that I do not have the right to yell "Fire" in a crowded theater when there is no fire. I wish there were a way to hold those responsible for the escalation of demonizing and dehumanizing rhetoric from both the right and the left. While the "Once we get rid of the liberals we will be OK" language of the Sean Hannitys and the "Worst Person in the World" of the Keith Olbermanns may not lead directly to violence and killing, they sure do support a climate and culture which fosters them.

As an example: One of the first thing a country at war does to motivate its armed forces is to dehumanize and demonize the enemy. We weren't killing Germans and Japanese, it was Krauts and Japs (Slopeheads). We have similar names for our foes in Viet Nam, Iraq and Afghanistan. Reading Laura Hillenbrand's searing biography "Unbroken: A World War II Story of Survival, Resilience, and Redemption," it is clear how closely tied the Japanese demonization of American troops in WWII led to the worst kinds of torture (random as well as planned) of combatants and non-combatants from our country. What is even more frightening is to realize that our own recent "interrogation techniques" mirror in nearly every aspect the atrocities of the Japanese in WWII! And we are pretty much silent.

I don't expect Olbermann, Matthews, Palin, Beck and Limbaugh to take responsibility for their incendiary language and attacks. That ugliness is their bread and butter: when we stop tuning in to hear about those who are stealing our country or defacing the Constitution, they won't have jobs. I don't expect much from the Christian churches or even the Anti-Defamation League. We all will probably defer to Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert, two comedians who take their religion very, very seriously.

The Old Testament in One Hour

REFLECTIONS ON OLD TESTAMENT THEMES AND STORIES

St. Bede's Adult Forum

Some literary treatments of Old Testament Themes and Stories

Genesis: Robert Crumb – Genesis in comic strip narrative (at Public Library)
Soren Kierkegaard, Abraham and Isaac in Fear and Trembling
John Steinbeck, East of Eden – Cain and Abel
Job The Living End, by Stanley Elkin,

J.B. by Archibald MacLeish

Ecclesiastes The Byrds – Turn, Turn, Turn

Isaiah G.F. Handel - The Messiah
etc.

GENESIS
The notion of myth – it is not when did it happen, but where is it happening?
Myth addresses -How did we get this way? That is, in good part, at the heart of the stories of Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel, Noah, Abraham & Isaac, Joseph and his Coat
Two Creation Stories: Genesis 1:1 – 2:4a; 2:4b-2:25, each written at different times with different purposes by different "schools:"

J earliest, existentialist, interested in themes of obedience, alienation, life & death issues
P justifies priestly, ritualistic religion – cult, seasons and festivals, Sabbath.
D understands history through experience – faithfulness and apostasy.
E uses "elohim" (gods) for the Divine.

Themes
Cain and Abel: on-going struggle between siblings, between urban/agrarian
Retribution: Lamech
Then Lamech said to his wives:
"Adah and Zillah, hear my voice;
Wives of Lamech, listen to my speech!
For I have killed a man for wounding me,
Even a young man for hurting me.
If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold,
Then Lamech seventy-sevenfold." 4:19-24 –
That sense of retribution is transformed in Exodus 21:24 (an eye for an eye)

Noah – the first of the Covenants (Noah, Abraham, Moses, Davidic)
Abraham – adventures and misadventures – his descendents (literally) in his seed
Birth of Isaac – Isaac means "laughter" after the laughter of his parents in their 90s when Isaac was conceived.
Abraham & Isaac 22: Several authors and philosophers have wrestled with this.
Stories about Jacob – cheating his brother, wrestling with an angel, being renamed "Israel."
"We worship the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob" or "the God of the Liar, the Larcenist and Laughter")
Jacob and his brothers – the twelve tribes of Israel.

EXODUS
Israelites are in bondage in Egypt 2:23-25
The calling of Moses (temper and voice 7:1-2 – Aaron was his mouthpiece)
The Plagues followed by the Passover (preparations 12, exodus 13ff. – 15:1!
Time in Wilderness, first set of the 10 Commandments 20ff
The Tabernacle and Ark of the Covenant 25:8f. these represent God's will to live in the midst of his people – the extension of which is the Incarnation.

LEVITICUS – High Morality & The Problem of Guilt
Holiness Code: 19:1ff High Points of Biblical morality – which is based on the holiness of God.
19:9 Gleaning – Salinas Valley, where the practice of gleaning is still practiced
19:17 first appearance of loving your neighbor- see v.33
19:33 the sojourner – big deal in that culture, milieu
The Jubilee Year – no one crushed forever 24:ff

NUMBERS
DEUTERONOMY
Years in the Wilderness
Second set of 10 commandments – recalling covenant (religious service) Deut. 5ff
Shema 6:4-5f.
The Notion of Election 7:6f (reflected in New Testament in I Peter.
The Kind of God we worship and serve 7:9f
Office of a Prophet 18:15
The Blessings of Obedience 28:1ff. – the heart of Deuteronomic history (you obey, you prosper; you disobey, it's curtains for you) These laws applied to nation primarily – individual focus later.

JOSHUA – God's promise upon entry into Promised Land.
Rahab (chapter 2 and end of 6) – one of four women in the geneology of Jesus, Rahab was a prostitute.
Joshua's leadership in establishing a stronghold in the new land.

JUDGES - wonderful stories of early leaders of the Hebrews
Continuing struggle to take control of the land.
Deuteronomic history played out
Judges/Deliverers: Ehud (3:13-28), Ms. Jael kills Sisera(4), Deborah! (5) Gideon (6:13f),

Samson (14) – all great and very vivid stories.

RUTH – purpose to show intermarriage can be successful religiously
1:15 "Wherever you go, I will go. . . ."
3:5f. marriage and property tied together, reflected in a father giving his daughter away.
Ruth & Boaz sire Obed, the father of Jesse, father of David (geneology) Illustrates a foreigner as part of the geneology of Jesus

I SAMUEL – this and II Samuel are some of the best history ever written – inside information, great use of sources and documents, compelling narratives.
Song of Hannah, ch. 2 – from which we get the Magnificat
Capture of the Ark 4
Request for a King (big deal) 8:4f. "we want to be like all the other nations"
The origin of The Holy Spirit – takes possession, ecstatic 10:5
12-14 – the core of Deuteronomic history.
16 – The Calling of David – a mirror image of the Cinderella Story!
17 - David and Goliath
18 Saul and David in conflict
20ff The Friendship of David and Jonathan (2Sam1:25-27) – many hold this to be a homosexual relationship.

II SAMUEL
7:16 God's promise to David and Descendants
11 David and Bathsheba and Uriah
12ff. Nathan's Fable – rebuke to David.
Stories of Absolom and others

I KINGS – again, much great history
Solomon made King ch 1ff and his wisdom and judgment
Chapter 5ff preparation for the building of the Temple
Chapter 9ff. Solomon's apostasy
Stories of intrigue
Chapter 15 – war between Israel and Judah.
Chapter 17ff. The arrival of Elijah the Prophet
Chapter 19:11f – major shift in understanding of God – not in nature, but interior voice.
Stories of Ahab

II KINGS
1-2Elijah taken into heaven, mantle passed to Elisha
Stories about Elisha – miracles
Stories of immensely evil kings, interrupted by Hezekiah, then Manassah the worst.
22 – Reform under King Josiah!
23 Judah now has constitutional rule – accretions gone.
24-5 Destruction of the Temple – Exile

I & II CHRONICLES
History retold by P or Priestly tradition

EZRA in the year of Cyrus, king of Persia – Return of the Exiles
Ezra & Nehemiah deal with evil doers differently- Ezra tears his hair out/Nehemiah tears their hair out.
Rebuilding of the Temple begun – rebuilt 520-516 Legalism begins – with Torah being taught 7:16ff.

Mixed Marriages abandoned.

NEHEMIAH (holds position similar to a senior warden)
The rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem, list of those who returned. Here and through Chronicles great attention given to recording people's names.
Ezra the Priest's Reading of the Law to the people (8:1ff)
The Samaritan schism begins 13:28

ESTHER – the story establishing/justifying the feast of Purim
Haman wants to destroy Jews, Esther intercedes, Mordecai is a hero.

Very popular story!

WRITINGS

JOB – rejection of Deuteronomic theory of history (represented by Job's "friends")
Job is a righteous man – Satan promises to make him curse God.

Job's friends:
Eliphaz: Only God is pure: the rest of his creations, including the angels, are not – which means that humans must accept some punishment for their inescapable impurity. Job must have sinned, not because he was evil, but because he was human.
Bildad: The sins of the sons are reason for father's punishment.
Zophar: Job's punishment is the result of Job's own secret and substantial guilt which he must be hiding, even from himself.

Problem in Job: God does not answer Job's legitimate questions about suffering of the innocent, though it is widely believed that he does.
Ending of Job may have been tacked on.

PSALMS – separate entry in this blog.

PROVERBS: Wisdom honored – beginning of the notion of Holy Spirit as part of Godhead.
8:22 and 8:22-31 is crucial passage in early understanding of Trinity!
Sayings: 1:2 gold ring; Every Member Canvass 11:24-26; Thanksgiv'g 15:16-17;

a worthy woman, 31ff.
Other parts of Proverbs noted earlier in blog – comic structure of the Bible.

ECCLESIASTES – tries to find meaning and is defeated (despite tacked on holy ending)
Great Passages: 1:1-11; 3:1-8 Byrds; 4:9f marriage; 9:11f. nothing new under the sun;

positive 9:7-10

Ecclesiastes may have been an atheistic tract, transformed into a Jewish text.

SONG OF SOLOMON – used to be favorite part of the Bible for horny teenage boys.
The book asserts that the love of God and erotic love are not different in kind.
2:8-13 lovely poem; 4:1f. each part of the beloved praised; 4:9ff erotic love

PROPHETS

AMOS – earliest and most biting
2:6-8; 3:1-2; 4:1-3; Plumbline (7:7-9); verses quoted by MLK – 5:21-24

HOSEA – some hope
Marries Gomer, the prostitute (3 ff) Hosea's faithfulness to his whore/wife is compared to God's faithfulness to a whorish nation.
"For I desire steadfast love and not sacrifice, the knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings."

JOEL – post exilic (after Jews have been freed from exile in Babylon)
Quality of Repentance 2:12-13; for final battle 3:9-1-

OBADIAH –focus on judgment of Edom

NAHUM –

The book is written as an acrostic in Hebrew;

the overthrow of Ninevah (Babylon) (see Psalm 137)
foresees auto (2:3-5) not really, but the images are there.

HABAKKUK – like Job, opposes Deuteronomic history
Individual faith: 2:4
Environmentalist: rejects violence to trees & animals 2:17.
Many liturgical passages are found here.
Wrestles with the problem of evil.

ZEPHANIAH
Woe to Jerusalem and the Nations
The Restoration of Israel 3:14-20

HAGGAI
Argues for rebuilding of the Temple (building fund 1:4)
Economic Depression explained (1:10-11)
A Temple for all – 2:7f.

ZECHARIAH
Theme – the universal reign of God.
New sense of repentance –totally by grace of God (3:1-5)
Pacifism: 7:8-10
Old men and old women . . .glories yet to come (8:4-5)

MALACHI Priestly prophet
Inclusion of Gentiles (1:11), 2:10.

ISAIAH – three different books
Themes: against foreign alliances (31:1ff. for example),
Vision: 6:1ff. the holiness of God
Isaiah walks naked as protest – one of the great clown/fool moments in Scripture.
Vision of the Messianic Banquet at the end of history (Chapter 25).
II Chapter 40 "Comfort, comfort . . .straight (return from Babylon)
Transcendance – creation ex nihilo (40:12ff)
The Servant Passages (especially 50:4-11, 53:1-12) – key to Good Friday liturgies and Passion
God chooses Cyrus – first mention of the Annointed or Christ(45:1f.0)
The Nation as a Light to the Nations 49:6b
III Post-Exilic

JEREMIAH
Jeremiah's call to be a prophet
Transformation of the Outward to the Inward in Ethics (chapters 31 and 33)

EZEKIEL
The responsibility of the Shepherd/Watchman
Freeing ethics for individual responsibility (rejects the belief that a father's sin infects children)
Ezekiel's Vision of the Wheel
Hope – Valley of the Dry Bones

DANIEL – Apocalyptic (bizarre visions about the end of the world and salvation for the saints - this is reflected in the 13th Chapter of Mark, called "the Little Apocalypse" and the Book of the Revelation of St. John the Divine. All three written to encourage the faithful who are being persecuted.
"The Son of Man" here and in the Psalms – the phrase here is the Son of Man coming in clouds of glory to claim his kingdom. Elsewhere, especially in Ezekiel, the phrase refers to humans in our finitude. Jesus seems to combine the two uses in order to drive others to see who he really is instead of assigning simple labels.

Stay tuned for better work on the Major Prophets.

Audition Script for “The Smedleys Are Here”

JIM and JANICE Smedley are waiting to meet the director of Swenson's Funeral Home to arrange for the funeral of a very difficult person.

LOLA (off-stage)

The Smedleys are here, waiting for you in the Garden of Memories.

 

MORT (entering to meet family)

Good afternoon and welcome to Swenson's; but first, I want to tell you how sorry I am about your loss.

 

        JANICE (distracted, while admiring the Rhododendrons)

He's sorry about our lapse? Jim, we can't be behind on our payments so soon. We just got here.

 

MORT

I'm sorry, I just wanted to express my deepest sorrow for your loss.

 

JANICE

Our loss?

 

MORT

The loss of your Beloved.

 

JIM

Not really our Beloved, more like our Tolerated.

 

MORT

Your "Tolerated."

 

JANICE (joining the others)

Actually, our Barely Tolerated.

 

MORT

Your "Barely Tolerated."

 

JIM

No, probably worse than barely tolerated -- more like a complete pain in the ass.

 

MORT

You have come to the right place.

 

JANICE

Really?

 

MORT

Yes, this is a family owned and operated Funeral Home that is dedicated to serving the survivors of . . very difficult relatives.

 

JANICE

I'm not sure I understand.

 

        MORT

My father, who founded Swenson's was a very spiritual man, a visionary. He realized that when a relative passes away, those who grieve … have more than sufficient resources for dealing with their loss – flowery cards, sympathetic neighbors, the pandering of friends … All that is well and good, but where does that leave the rest of us – and Barely Tolerated? Grief is assuaged in months – anger and resentment can go on forever.

 

        JANICE

I never looked at it that way.

 

        MORT

And that is precisely where Swenson's comes in. . we ensure that the torment and abuse you have experienced over the years is repaid. .repaid on a daily, weekly or monthly basis, relieving you of that responsibility.

 

JANICE

So you are Mr. Swenson?

 

MORT

Actually, no. Swenson's is a Swedish name. My family came from an Eastern European Country.

 

JIM

So your name is?

 

MORT

My name is Rasputin.

 

Jim

Rasputin?

 

MORT

Yes, of the Akron, Ohio Rasputins.

Bathhouse Blues

    After reading an article which lamented the Anglican Communion's Standing Committee's refusal to chastise, punish and exile the Episcopal Church for its treatment of gay and lesbian people as full members of the Body of Christ and worthy of the full dignity of being human. How, the author of the article asked, could they have failed to exile the Episcopal Church?

    I then noted, "Apparently the Standing Committee and others are not ready to elevate Paul's condemnation of ritual prostitution between males to the level of belief in the Incarnation and Resurrection of Jesus, the Christ." An unnamed respondent reproduced my observation and added "That Paul. Just no fun at AT ALL down at the bath-house."

What a gift! Now I think I understand better than I had before. The respondent illustrated a good bit of the problem with Dissident Theology. Bathhouse Sexuality is precisely what Paul does attack in Romans. Of course. However, progressives and moderates are not advocating Bathhouse Sexuality - we are talking about faithful, committed, intended to be life-long relationships between homosexual persons - relationships that are marked by the presence of the Holy Spirit as spelled out by Paul in Galatians 5. 

Perhaps the Standing Committee finally got it right – this is not about Bathhouse Sexuality, despite the confusion perpetrated by those who cannot conceive of homosexual relationships being anything but Bathhouse. Well, one can always hope.

Using the logic of the Dissidents (all gay and lesbian relationships are nothing more than the distorted relationships of the bathhouse), we should probably do away with marriage because there are men who abuse their wives.

The Parable of the Prodigal Son – A Parable of our Anglican Struggles

This parable of the family of a father and two sons is remarkable in many ways. One of the most remarkable is the way it reflects the ongoing emotional and spiritual struggles within each one of us – and, as we shall see, the current struggles within the Anglican Communion as well as other denominations.

The Freudian take on human personality is that it is an expression of the struggle amongst three elements of the human psyche – the id, the super-ego and the ego:

- The id represents biological forces or the life-force and is governed by the pleasure principle or a form of hedonism. It is marked by instinctual urges of sexuality, aggression and the desire for instant gratification or release. In the parable, this is the Younger Son, breaking free from the constraints of the family, wasting the early inheritance from his father on pleasures of the moment, living an unfettered life with (by his brother's description) whores and then, in a surge of self-destruction, ending up sharing life with the religiously forbidden pigs of their Gentile owner. Freud's notion of the id caught up in the Oedipus complex is not far from the Younger Son's challenge to his father to "drop dead." The Younger Son could easily serve as the proto-type of the id.

- The superego, from the German "Uber-ich" ("over me") serves to inhibit the biological instincts of the id and to enforce moral standards. This is the Older Son in the parable -- dutiful to his father, but resentful of his younger brother who dishonored his father and has violated the most basic moral codes of the family's religion. When he learns that his younger brother is being honored in a loud celebration rather than summarily punished, the Older Son experiences an enormous crisis, as the very basis of his being has been to oppose and restrain the immorality of his brother. It is bad enough that he has failed in his mission – it is far worse to watch as his father seems to be celebrating his failure.

- In Freud's world, the ego is our link to reality (as different from the drives and the standards of the id and superego) and is the moderating force between the two opposing forces of the id and the superego. The work of the ego/Father is to hold the personality/Family together. Thus, while the id may be crying out for gratification as the superego counters with moral precepts and the accumulated wisdom of a developing conscience, the ego/Father works to resolve the conflict, balancing and moderating both id and superego. In the parable, the Father is attempting to fulfill this function by embracing the unrepentant Younger Son in a welcome home party while also embracing the rejecting Older Son as he resists joining the party.

As the party is in full swing, the two sons remain independent forces – and all bets are off on what will happen at the breakfast table the next morning! But that is the nature of the human personality: as Doug Adams was fond of saying, nearly every good parable and most miracles in the Bible end in chaos.

Both the Parable of the Prodigal Son and the Parable of the Sower have enormous possibilities in addressing our lives at a multitude of levels, but particularly the psychological struggles that happen deep within us. This is true in a more limited sense in the Parable of the Leaven, with the woman creating the bread from the wild energy of the leaven (denoting "corruption in the rest of the New Testament) and the passive purity of the flour. All three parables have within themselves powerful possibilities for framing, understanding and then transforming the struggles faced by our church communities and each of us as individuals within them.

What we are experiencing in the Anglican Communion is just this struggle, with the Progressives committed to their desire to do what is necessary to achieve a fully inclusive community -- even if that involves overturning long established order and tradition.

Within the Christian church this same struggle has appeared and reappeared in countless forms through the centuries most recently as we have come to terms with the evils of slavery and the exclusion of women. One of touchstones of the Anglican Communion has been our commitment to being governed by the role of the ego or adult dealing with the forces of id and superego in ordering the life of our family.

What we are lacking now is a common commitment to living within the struggles of the human and religious community. From my perspective, what we are experiencing now is a Father demanding to act, not as a force within the personality of the whole, but as "The Decider" who has, by ruling for one Son against the other, abdicated his role as the ego. The recent letters from the Archbishop of Canterbury and Canon Kearon declaring agains the Episcopal Church are clear examples of the abdication of the Parent in our family – and no good thing can come from that.

Like a healthy human personality, our Episcopal Church, the Anglican Communion and world-wide Christianity are best when, in the language of the Parable, the Father, the Younger Son and Older Son are in a dynamic relationship. With decrees, scurrilous attacks and shunning the energy of the Younger Son, we are not saving anything – only our own destruction.

Jesus, Israel and Arizona

In all the discussions of the Arizona law regarding illegal immigration there has been little, if any, discussion about the religious significance of it all. As a result, what we have been left with, largely, is a hodge-podge of liberal and conservative catch phrases. So what can Christians and Jews have to contribute?

First, there is a constant reminder throughout the Hebrew Scriptures that we are a refugee people -- not just immigrants from Egypt, but political and economic refugees. To forget that is to forget God, says the Psalmist..

Second, for Christians the earliest reality for the Holy Family was as refugees in their flight to Egypt. We should probably be grateful no one there asked to see their papers.

Third, the one constant in Jesus' own experience as the light shining in the darkness was as refugee, as unwelcome immigrant: "foxes have holes and birds have their nests, but the Son of man has no place to lay his head."

The issues involved in illegal immigration are complex -- even on purely economic grounds. If we take our own religious history and identity at all seriously, they become even more difficult -- as we live under the words of the Incarnate One, "Inasmuch as you have done it unto one of the least of these, you have done it unto me."

Egypt and Arizona, Mexico and Caanan, and on and on it goes.

Lastly, the truth is not served by asserting that any significant numbers of illegal immigrants are criminal element types -- or that there are no criminals involved. In my experience, the largest numbers have risked their lives in coming here from desperation. Paul Levine, normally a comedy writer, has captured that reality in his new novel, "Illegal." It speaks of the reality of the nitty-gritty details of people's lives